We evaluated heterogeneity for the primary outcomes based on the agreement between CIs and prediction intervals in relation to the null effect and the clinically important effect on the opposite direction to the point estimate [16, 17]
and patients with pernicious anemia who have optic neuropathy COBALAMIN (Vitamin B12) Deficiency Causes Vegetarians (dietary deficiency) Older adults: atrophic gastritis affects 10% 30% and leads to decrease in hydrochloric acid secretion in the stomach and decreased absorption of Vitamin B12 The liver can store up to six years worth of Vitamin B12 so deficiencies are rare Effects of deficiency Megaloblastic anaemia (pernicious anaemia) Progressive demyelination of nerve cells Elevation in levels of circulating homocysteine that leads to production of defective collagen and elastin with a negative impact on arteries, bone and skin Deep vein thrombosis is associated with homocysteinemia that causes the activation of the intrinsic coagulation cascade Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, constipation, loss of appetite and weight loss Numbness, tingling of the feet imbalance, depression, confusion, dementia, poor memory and glossitis
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The patient has a body mass index (BMI) at or above 30 kg/m for adults or in the 95th percentile for pediatric patients
Hu H, Zhai C, Qian G, Gu A, Liu J, Ying F, et al
